Brontekst bekijken van Help:Infobox

{{shortcut|H:IB}}
{{stack|{{Offer help}}}}
{{about||a list of infoboxes|Wikipedia:List of infoboxes{{))!}} and {{!((}}:Category:Infobox templates|the style guide|Wikipedia:Manual of Style (infoboxes)|the project|Wikipedia:WikiProject Infoboxes}}
[[File:Lundehund.png|thumb|203px|An example of an infobox]]
{{WikiProject Infoboxes sidebar}}

An '''[[infobox]]''' is a fixed-format table designed to be added to the top right-hand corner of articles to consistently present a summary of some unifying aspect that the articles share and sometimes to improve navigation to other interrelated articles. Many infoboxes also emit structured [[metadata]] which is used by [[DBpedia]] and others. The generalized infobox feature grew out of the original [[Wikipedia:How to read a taxobox|taxoboxes]] (taxonomy infoboxes) that editors developed to visually express the scientific classification of organisms.

The use of infoboxes is neither required nor prohibited for any article. Whether to include an infobox, which infobox to include, and which parts of the infobox to use, is determined through [[Wikipedia:Consensus|discussion and consensus among the editors]] at each individual article.

==What infoboxes do==
Infobox templates contain important facts and statistics of a type which are common to related articles. For instance, all animals have a scientific classification (species, family and so on), as well as a conservation status. Adding a {{tl|taxobox}} to articles on animals therefore makes it easier to quickly find such information and to compare it with that of other articles.

Infobox templates are like fact sheets, or sidebars, in magazine articles. They quickly summarize important points in an easy-to-read format. However, they are ''not'' "statistics" tables in that they (generally) only summarize material from an article<!--taxoboxes are an obvious exception, and so are element infoboxes -->—the information should still be present in the main text, partly because it may not be possible for some readers to access the contents of the infobox. In particular, if infobox templates hide long columns of data inside collapsing tables, then readers using [[screen reader|assistive technology]] may miss their presence entirely.

Many infoboxes also emit metadata such as [[microformat]]s (see [[WP:UF|the microformats project]]).

==What should an infobox contain?==
In general, data in infobox templates should be:

* '''Comparable.''' If a lot of different subjects all share a common attribute (for instance, all people have a name and a date of birth), then it is useful to be able to compare these across different pages. This also implies that where possible, material should be presented in a standard format.
* '''Concise.''' Infobox templates are "at-a-glance", and used for quickly checking facts. 
* '''Materially relevant to the subject.''' 
* '''Already cited elsewhere in the article.'''  Infoboxes, like the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style (lead section)|introduction to the article]], should primarily contain material that is expanded on and supported by citations to reliable sources elsewhere in the article.  However, if necessary (e.g., because the article is currently incomplete), it is possible to include [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|footnotes]] in infoboxes.

==What should an infobox not contain?==
In general, data in infobox templates should not be:

* '''Lengthy.'''  Long bodies of text, or very detailed statistics, belong in the article body.
* '''Trivial details.''' A common problem is including material in the infobox which is trivial and would not otherwise be included in the article body: for example, a fictional character's [[blood type]] may be referenced in passing in a work, but it is not especially useful to understanding the subject. Infobox templates should not be used for details that are too trivial to include in the article body (there are some exceptions, such as chemical properties).
* '''Flags.''' Flag icons should generally [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Icons#Avoid_flag_icons_in_infoboxes|not be used]] in infoboxes, even when there is a "country", "nationality" or equivalent field: they are unnecessarily distracting and give undue prominence to one field among many.

==Adding an infobox to an article==

There are two steps required to add an infobox to an article:
#Locating the infobox
#Editing the article

===Locating the infobox===
In order to use an infobox in an article, an editor must know its name, parameters, and how those parameters are intended to be used.  Because infoboxes are kept in a [[Wikipedia:Namespace|namespace]] separate from articles, it takes some effort to identify an infobox by name.  Once the editor has the name, however, it is straightforward to look up the infobox's documentation.

There are two ways in which an editor typically locates which infobox he or she wants to use:
*By browsing the set of all infoboxes via [[Wikipedia:List of infoboxes]].
*By determining the name of a particular infobox used in a similar article.

For example, the article [[D-Terminal]] contains an infobox.  To determine which one, simply edit the article:

<pre>
{{Infobox connector
...
}}
</pre>

The "<CODE>{{Infobox connector</CODE>" identifies the markup between the enclosing braces as a use of the "<code>connector</code>" infobox.  The editor can look up the documentation for the template, including a list of parameters, in the Template namespace under [[Template:Infobox connector]].

===Editing the target article===
In accordance with [[WP:LAYOUT|Wikipedia's Manual of Style]], infoboxes should be placed at the top of an article after any [[MOS:DABINT|disambiguation links]] and [[WP:TM/MAIN|maintenance tags]].

The infobox documentation page usually contains a convenient "blank" template that can be copied directly into the target article.  The template consists of opening (<CODE>{{</CODE>) and closing (<CODE>}}</CODE>) double braces that contain the name of the infobox and a list of parameters without values.  An editor then fills in the value for each of the parameters to the right of the corresponding equals sign.

For example:

<pre>
{{Infobox person
|name    =
|image   =
|caption =
...
|website =
}}
</pre>

might be filled out like this:

<pre>
{{Infobox person
|name    = Casanova
|image   = Casanova_self_portrait.jpg
|caption = A self portrait of  Casanova
...
|website =
}}
</pre>

In this example, the names of the parameters ("<CODE>name</CODE>", "<CODE>image</CODE>", "<CODE>caption</CODE>", "<CODE>website</CODE>") are fixed in the design of the infobox and described in its documentation.  A parameter that is misspelled, falsely capitalized, or is not supported by the infobox implementation does not display at all.  To find out exactly which parameters are functional, look at the infobox's template page.  Anything not listed there will be ignored, even if it works in some other infobox.  If you believe that another parameter needs to be added to a given infobox template, then suggest that on the infobox's talk page.

The infobox documentation describes which parameters are required and which are optional.  Required parameters display between triple braces (for example, <CODE>{{{requiredparametername}}}</CODE>) when previewed or saved.  Optional parameters may be left empty or omitted entirely.

===Troubleshooting===
If you added an infobox and it didn't display correctly, here are the common errors:

* You used a made-up or invalid parameter.  You can only use parameters that have been pre-programmed into ''this'' infobox template.
* You misspelled the parameter name or omitted necessary punctuation (e.g., leaving out the [[underscore]] in <code>birth_place</code>).
* You capitalized the parameter name.  Parameters are [[case sensitive]].  Nearly all infoboxes use lowercase parameter labels.
* You included the prefix <code>File:</code> before the image name (or you didn't, and it's one of the templates that requires it).
* You used the parameter name more than once: only the final instance displays.

==Adding an image to an infobox==
{{Main|Help:Infobox picture}}
Images are generally specified using the <CODE>image</CODE> and <CODE>caption</CODE> parameters.  However, the template may use a different name for this parameter.  For example, {{tp|Infobox album}} uses "Cover" instead of "image" and "Caption" instead of "caption".

The <CODE>image</CODE> parameter sometimes requires the [[Wikipedia:Extended image syntax]]; other times it requires only the image file name depending on the tastes of the editor who created the infobox.  An editor can determine this either by experimenting (using the "preview" function) or by consulting the infobox template documentation.

Many images in infoboxes should have a [[WP:ALT|special text alternative]] for people who cannot see the image.

==Designing an infobox==
{{Main|Help:Designing infoboxes}}
It is a good idea to seek the opinions of other editors before embarking on a design of a new infobox or redesign of an existing one.  Most requirements are already met by an existing infobox and most of the remainder can be met with a tweak.  Unnecessary duplication leads to clutter and article divergence.  Prototype your new design in your own [[WP:USERPAGE|user space]].  Once prototyped, propose the infobox changes to the appropriate [[Wikipedia:WikiProject|WikiProject]] and gain [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]] before deploying your new design in the [[WP:TMP|template namespace]].

For detailed guidance on how to design infoboxes, see [[Help:Designing infoboxes]].

==Deleting an infobox==
Requests to delete an infobox should be brought to the attention of [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion]] and any [[Wikipedia:WikiProject|WikiProject]]s associated with the infobox.  A template may be merged with another rather than deleted outright.

==See also==
{{Wikipedia glossary}}
*[[Wikipedia:How to read a color infobox]]
*[[Wikipedia:How to read a taxobox]]
*[[Wikipedia:Thinking outside the infobox]]
*[[Wikipedia:Help desk]] — to ask questions about using infoboxes in articles if you weren't able to find the information you need on this help page.
*[[Wikipedia:Disinfoboxes]] - an essay expressing a particular viewpoint

{{Help navigation}}

[[Category:Wikipedia editor handbook]]
[[Category:Infobox templates| ]]